Glossary:
Letra maiúscula: Capital letter
Letra minúscula: Lower case letter

Importante: The days of the week and months are not capitalized in Portuguese, unless they appear in the titles of schedules, calendars, etc.

Importante: “Tu” is the informal address mostly used in Portugal and Portuguese-speaking countries in Africa and Asia. In Brazil, “tu” is used in parts of the South and in the Northeast of the country; however, most Brazilians pair it with the conjugation of the “você” form. “Você” is the informal address in standard Brazilian Portuguese, while in Portugal, “você” is a more formal register, although it is not as formal as “O Senhor/ A Senhora,” for example. “A gente” is the “we” form in informal Portuguese.

Non-binary pronouns ELU/ILE: Elu/Ile are non-binary pronouns in Portuguese. Although, we use non-binary pronouns throughout this textbook, note that people in the Portuguese world are going through the process of incorporating non-binary and inclusive language in Portuguese and you might need to explain to some that these are non-birary pronouns. For the purpose of this book, we chose Elu as the non-binary pronoun since it is currently the prefered form in the Portuguese-speaking world.

Notice that the preposition “from” in Portuguese agrees in gender, it can be “de” (gender neutral), “do” (masculine, the combination of de + o), or “da” (feminine, the combination of de + a).

Notice that the preposition “em” in Portuguese agrees in gender. It can be “em” (gender neutral), “no” (masculine, the combination of em + o), or “na” (feminine, the combination of em + a).

Morar is a regular verb, meaning that its root (mor) does not change in any person or tense. Regular verbs finishing in AR correspond to most of the verbs in Portuguese (around 80%). Pay attention to the highlight above (o, as, a – a, amos, am).*Be careful not to write “Eu mora” The verb “morar” does not agree with the gender of the person. It is always: “Eu moro…”

*Importante. When talking about age always use the verb “ter”. E.g. Tenho vinte anos. The translation from English. “Sou vinte anos” is NOT correct in Portuguese.

Attention: The first day of the month in Portuguese is “Primeiro” – Exemplo: 1o de fevereiro.

Importante: “pra” is the contraction of “para,” as in the song “Parabéns pra você.” “Pra” is also the contraction of “para a” – Example: “Vou para a universidade.” (I’ll go to the university) – “Vou pra universidade.” The contraction “pra” is very common in spoken Portuguese and in informal writing, such as text-messages.

When counting items in a classroom, the numbers 1 and 2 need to agree in gender with the object, as in the examples below:chair = (1) uma cadeira, (2) duas cadeiras, (3) três cadeiras, (4) quatro cadeiras

board = (1) um quadro, (2) dois quadros, (3) três quadros, (4) quatro quadros

* Tem is used as There is/There are in Portuguese. E.g. “Tem uma porta na sala.” In case of negations, you can write: Não tem televisão na sala.

*Attention – minha/meu/minhe – The pronoun “my” in Portuguese has the feminine version (minha), the masculine version (meu), and the non-binary (minhe) agreeing with the noun. Example:
Meu carro (My car)                      Minhe amigue. (My friend)
Minha casa (My house)

*Attention – the word “any” in Portuguese has the masculine form (nenhum) and the feminine form (nenhuma)

Exemplo:
Não tenho nenhum relógio.
Não tenho nenhuma bicicleta.

A SALA DE AULA IDEAL

 

A sala de aula ideal tem muitos objetos e equipamentos. A sala de aula ideal tem carteiras confortáveis, mais ou menos 20 carteiras. Tem também um relógio de parede, pelo menos duas janelas grandes e uma porta grande.

 

A sala temtambém um computador para a professora/x/o e um projetor.É importante ter um ou dois quadros e dois apagadores, além de canetas e outros materiais. O acesso à Internet é muito importante também!  A sala precisa ter uma mesa e uma cadeira para a professora/o professor.