Introduction

Learning Objectives

Appreciate a patient’s perspective on Long COVID: listen to American cellist Joshua Roman’s story from The Bellevue Reporter
Understand the fundamentals of SARS-CoV2 transmission, infection, and post-infectious sequelae

Video: Patient Vignette – Joshua Roman

Video credits — Ben Shahabi and The Bellevue Reporter

Faculty:

Hector Bonilla, MD – Professor of Medicine (Infectious Diseases) at Stanford University School of Medicine
Anita Chopra, MD – Internal Medicine at University of Washington

Students:

AAPM&R Guidelines: Cheng AL, Herman E, Abramoff B, et al. Multidisciplinary collaborative guidance on the assessment and treatment of patients with Long COVID: A compendium statement. PM&R. 2025; 17(6): 684-708. doi:10.1002/pmrj.13397
Bartsch SM, Chin KL, Strych U, John DC, Shah TD, Bottazzi ME, O’Shea KJ, Robertson M, Weatherwax C, Heneghan J, Martinez MF, Ciciriello A, Kulkarni S, Velmurugan K, Dibbs A, Scannell SA, Shen Y, Nash D, Hotez PJ, Lee BY. The Current and Future Burden of Long COVID in the United States. J Infect Dis. 2025 Jul 11;231(6):1581-1590. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaf030. PMID: 39842946; PMCID: PMC12247809.
Ford ND, Agedew A, Dalton AF, Pratt C, Gregory CO, Saydah S. Notes from the Field: Long COVID and Significant Long COVID-Associated Activity Limitation Among Adults, by Jurisdiction – United States, 2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2024 Dec 19;73(50):1142-1143. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7350a2. PMID: 39700067; PMCID: PMC11658399.
Khullar D, Zhang Y, Zang C, Xu Z, Wang F, Weiner MG, Carton TW, Rothman RL, Block JP, Kaushal R. Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Post-acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in New York: an EHR-Based Cohort Study from the RECOVER Program. J Gen Intern Med. 2023 Apr;38(5):1127-1136. doi: 10.1007/s11606-022-07997-1. Epub 2023 Feb 16. PMID: 36795327; PMCID: PMC9933823.

Test your knowledge with the following quiz questions: