13 A Nordic Perspective on Long COVID
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Learning Objectives
- Interpret epidemiologic data on Long COVID from Nordic registry studies and explain their implications on disease burden and outcomes
- Understand how functional impairment and disability are assessed and managed within integrated Nordic healthcare systems for patients with Long COVID
- Discuss how demographic, clinical, and social determinants of health interact to influence Long COVID risk and long-term societal impact
Video Module: A Nordic Perspective on Long COVID
Faculty:
- Arne Søraas, MD, PhD – Senior researcher at Oslo University Hospital and Age Labs.
- Hector Bonilla, MD – Professor of Medicine (Infectious Diseases) at Stanford University School of Medicine
Students:
- Victoria Søraas – Akademiet Sandvika
- Amogha Paleru – Stanford University
Additional Resources & Further Reading
- AAPM&R Guidelines: Cheng AL, Herman E, Abramoff B, et al. Multidisciplinary collaborative guidance on the assessment and treatment of patients with Long COVID: A compendium statement. PM&R. 2025; 17(6): 684-708. doi:10.1002/pmrj.13397
- White RA, Salamanca BV, Angelsen A, Zakiudin DP, Andries A, Nyborg GA. Excess primary healthcare consultations in Norway in 2024 compared to pre-COVID-19-pandemic baseline trends. Arch Public Health. 2026 Jan 2;84(1):26. doi: 10.1186/s13690-025-01817-8. PMID: 41484677; PMCID: PMC12866491.
- Rø G, Lyngstad TM, Seppälä E, Nærland Skodvin S, Trogstad L, White RA, Paulsen A, Hessevik Paulsen T, Skogset Ofitserova T, Langlete P, Madslien EH, Nygård K, Freisleben de Blasio B. Estimating the trend of COVID-19 in Norway by combining multiple surveillance indicators. PLoS One. 2025 Jan 30;20(1):e0317105. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0317105. PMID: 39883654; PMCID: PMC11781655.
Self-Assessment
Test your knowledge with the following quiz questions: